Maternal Influenza Vaccine and Risks for Preterm or Small for Gestational Age Birth

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• 作者：James D. Nordin ; MD ; MPH¹ ; Elyse Olshen Kharbanda ; MD ; MPH¹ ; Gabriela Vazquez Benitez ; PhD¹ ; Heather Lipkind ; MD ; MS² ; Claudia Vellozzi ; MD ; MPH³ ; Frank DeStefano ; MD ; MPH³ ; on behalf of the Vaccine Safety Datalink &lowast
• 关键词：H1N1 ; Influenza A virus ; SGA ; Small for gestational age ; TIV ; Trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine ; VSD ; Vaccine Safety Datalink
• 刊名：The Journal of Pediatrics
• 出版年：May, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：164
• 期：5
• 页码：1051-1057.e2
• 全文大小：600 K

文摘

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Objective

To study the impact of influenza vaccine administered to pregnant women during all trimesters on the rates of preterm and small for gestational age (SGA) births, evaluating both increased and decreased risk.

Study design

This retrospective observational matched cohort study involved 7 Vaccine Safety Datalink sites across the US for the 2004-05 through 2008-09 influenza seasons. Cohort eligibility and outcomes were determined from administrative, claims, medical records, and birth data. In propensity score- and vaccine exposure time-matched analyses, ORs for preterm and SGA births were calculated.

Results

Among 57鈥?54 matched vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women, including 16鈥?40 women in the first trimester, maternal vaccination was not associated with increased or decreased risk for preterm birth (OR for delivery at <37聽weeks gestation, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.93-1.02]; for delivery at 鈮?2聽weeks gestation, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.86-1.12]; and for delivery at 鈮?4聽weeks gestation, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.88-1.04]) or SGA birth (OR for <5th percentile weight for gestational age, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.96-1.09], and for <10th percentile weight for gestational age, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.96-1.04]). Similarly, first trimester vaccination was not associated with increased or decreased risk for preterm or SGA birth.

Conclusion

Receipt of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine during pregnancy was not associated with increased or decreased risk of preterm or SGA birth. These findings support the safety of vaccinating pregnant women against influenza during the first, second, and third trimesters, and suggest that a nonspecific protective effect of the influenza vaccine for these outcomes does not exist.