Global epidemiology of avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in humans, 1997-2015: a systematic review of individual case data

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• 作者：Shengjie Lai ; MD^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^&dagger ; ; Ying Qin ; PhD^a ; ^&dagger ; ; Prof Benjamin J Cowling ; PhD^d ; ^&dagger ; ; Xiang Ren ; MD^a ; Nicola A Wardrop ; PhD^b ; Marius Gilbert ; PhD^e ; ^f ; Tim K Tsang ; MPhil^d ; Peng Wu ; PhD^d ; Luzhao Feng ; PhD^a ; Hui Jiang ; MD^a ; Zhibin Peng ; MD^a ; Jiandong Zheng ; PhD^a ; Qiaohong Liao ; MD^a ; Sa Li ; MD^a ; Prof Peter W Horby ; MD^g ; ^h ; ⁱ ; Prof Jeremy J Farrar ; MD^g ; ^h ; ⁱ ; ^j ; Prof George F Gao ; PhD^k ; ^l ; Prof Andrew J Tatem ; PhD^b ; ^c ; ^m ; Prof Hongjie Yu ; PhD^a ; ⁿ ; ^{cfetpyhj@vip.sina.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 刊名：The Lancet Infectious Diseases
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：16
• 期：7
• 页码：e108-e118
• 全文大小：612 K

文摘

Avian influenza A H5N1 viruses have caused many, typically severe, human infections since the first human case was reported in 1997. However, no comprehensive epidemiological analysis of global human cases of H5N1 from 1997 to 2015 exists. Moreover, few studies have examined in detail the changing epidemiology of human H5N1 cases in Egypt, especially given the outbreaks since November, 2014, which have the highest number of cases ever reported worldwide in a similar period. Data on individual patients were collated from different sources using a systematic approach to describe the global epidemiology of 907 human H5N1 cases between May, 1997, and April, 2015. The number of affected countries rose between 2003 and 2008, with expansion from east and southeast Asia, then to west Asia and Africa. Most cases (67·2%) occurred from December to March, and the overall case-fatality risk was 483 (53·5%) of 903 cases which varied across geographical regions. Although the incidence in Egypt has increased dramatically since November, 2014, compared with the cases beforehand, there were no significant differences in the fatality risk, history of exposure to poultry, history of patient contact, and time from onset to hospital admission in the recent cases.