Effects of bensulfuron-methyl and cinosulfuron on growth of four freshwater species of phytoplankton

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Sabater ; C. ; Cuesta ; A. ; Carrasco ; R.
• 关键词：Toxicity ; Herbicide ; Bensulfuron-methyl ; Cinosulfuron ; Algae
• 刊名：Chemosphere
• 出版年：2002
• 出版时间：February, 2002
• 年：2002
• 卷：46
• 期：7
• 页码：953-960
• 全文大小：202 K

文摘

The acute toxicity of sulfonylurea herbicides bensulfuron-methyl and cinosulfuron was tested on the five species of freshwater phytoplankton: Scenedesmus acutus, Scenedesmus subspicatus, Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorella saccharophila. Herbicide concentrations eliciting a 50 % growth reduction over 96 h (EC₅₀) ranged from 8 to 104 mg/l for cinosulfuron and from 0.015 to 6.2 mg/l for bensulfuron-methyl. The pesticides bensulfuron-methyl, atrazine and benthiocarb were more toxic than cinosulfuron, chlorsulfuron, molinate, fenitrothion and pyridaphenthion in a toxicity study with the same algal species. The transformation of effective concentrations of bensulfuron-methyl and cinosulfuron and other pesticides, obtained from toxicity measurements, into percent of the saturation level in water is used as a first evaluation of potential hazard to aquatic systems. The herbicides cinosulfuron, methyl-bensulfuron, atrazine and chlorsulfuron were more dangerous than the herbicides benthiocarb and molinate and than the insecticides fenitrothion and pyridaphenthion, in a study of hazard evaluation. The two species of Chlorella were more tolerant to both herbicides than the two species of Scenedesmus. A potential environmental hazard of sulfonylurea herbicides to aquatic systems has to be expected even at low environmental concentrations.