Episodic memory across the lifespan: The contributions of associative and strategic components

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• 作者：Yee Lee Shing ; Markus Werkle-Bergner ; Yvonne Brehmer ; Viktor Mü ; ller ; Shu-Chen Li ; Ulman Lindenberger
• 关键词：Episodic memory ; Binding ; Strategy use ; Lifespan development ; Aging ; Child development
• 刊名：Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：June 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：34
• 期：7
• 页码：1080-1091
• 全文大小：270 K

文摘

The structural and functional brain circuitries supporting episodic memory undergo profound reorganization in childhood and old age. We propose a two-component framework that combines and integrates evidence from child development and aging. It posits that episodic memory builds on two interacting components: (a) the strategic component, which refers to memory control operations, and (b) the associative component, which refers to mechanisms that bind different features of a memory episode into a compound representation. We hypothesize that: (a) children's difficulties in episodic memory primarily originate from low levels of strategic operations, and reflect the protracted development of the prefrontal cortex (PFC); (b) deficits in episodic memory performance among older adults originate from impairments in both strategic and associative components, reflecting senescent changes in the PFC and the medio-temporal lobes (MTL). Initial behavioral and neural evidence is consistent with both hypotheses. The two-component framework highlights the specificities of episodic memory in different age periods, helps to identify and dissociate its components, and contributes to understanding the interplay among maturation, learning, and senescence.