Type 4 cardiorenal syndrome

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Ana Luí ; sa Pinheiro da Silva^a ; ^{analupsilva00@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Manuel Joaquim Vaz da Silva^b
• 关键词：Type 4 cardiorenal syndrome ; Chronic kidney disease ; Heart failure ; Cardiovascular risk factors ; End-stage renal disease ; Neurohormonal activation ; Oxidative stress
• 刊名：Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia (English Edition)
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：35
• 期：11
• 页码：601-616
• 全文大小：1152 K

文摘

The Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative consensus conference proposed a classification of cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), aiming for a better delineation of each subtype. Although the exact pathophysiology of type 4 CRS is not completely understood, the mechanisms involved are probably multifactorial. There is growing evidence that oxidative stress is a major connector in the development and progression of type 4 CRS. Giving its complexity, poor prognosis and increasing incidence, type 4 CRS is becoming a significant public health problem. Patients with chronic kidney disease are particularly predisposed to cardiac dysfunction, due to the high prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors in this population, but the contribution of risk factors specific to chronic kidney disease should also be taken into account.

Much remains to be elucidated about type 4 CRS: despite progress over the last decade, there are still significant questions regarding its pathophysiology and there is as yet no specific therapy. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved may provide potential targets for intervention.

The present review will provide a brief description of the definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, prognosis, biomarkers and management strategies of type 4 CRS, and the pathophysiological mechanisms and risk factors presumably involved in its development will be particularly highlighted.