文摘
This paper is focused on the energy consumption-economic growth/sustainable development nexus. It compares the sustainable development (ISEW) and economic growth (GDP) approaches. A panel of 20 European countries, with annual data frequency (1995–2014), was analysed. The results of using the traditional GDP on the nexus are quite different from using the ISEW. Policies focused on GDP could not provoke the desired effects on the sustainable development.