– cupric ions differently influence the oxidative status of two trout hemoglobin components I and IV (HbI and HbIV) having different structural and functional properties;
– reactive oxygen species (ROS) production associated with hemoglobins autoxidation is not influenced by the presence of copper sulfate;
– the susceptibility to hemolysis increases in the presence of copper only when the erythrocyte suspension is incubated in air; the effect of copper is almost absent for carbon monoxide-saturated erythrocyte suspensions;
– DNA damage due to copper was not observed in our experimental conditions.
The data obtained are important for the analysis of the environmental risks produced by copper on fish.