Vitamin D supplementation reduces depressive symptoms in patients with chronic liver disease

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• 作者：Caroline S. Stokes^a ; ^{caroline.stokes@uks.eu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Frank Grü ; nhage^a ; Crystal Baus^b ; Dietrich A. Volmer^c ; Stefan Wagenpfeil^d ; Matthias Riemenschneider^b ; Frank Lammert^a
• 关键词：Beck Depression Inventory ; Cirrhosis ; Mood ; Supplementation ; Women ; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D
• 刊名：Clinical Nutrition
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：August 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：35
• 期：4
• 页码：950-957
• 全文大小：882 K

文摘

Vitamin D deficiency and depression frequently occur in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). Depression has recently been inversely associated with vitamin D in a meta-analysis, and vitamin D receptor is expressed in brain. This pilot study investigates whether vitamin D replacement ameliorates depressive symptoms in CLD patients and consists of a cross-sectional and an interventional analysis.

Methods

Overall, 111 patients with CLD were included in the cross-sectional analysis. The Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) was used to assess depression. Chemiluminescence immunoassay and LC-MS/MS quantified serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. For the interventional analysis, 77 patients with inadequate vitamin D concentrations received 20,000 IU vitamin D per week for six months. The final follow-up was carried out six months post supplementation.

Results

In the cross-sectional analysis, 81% of patients (median age 55 years, 47% women) had inadequate baseline vitamin D levels (<30 ng/ml), and 31% presented with depressive symptoms (BDI-II score ≥14). Depression severity correlated inversely with vitamin D level in depressed patients (β = −0.483, P = 0.004). Depression scores improved significantly from baseline in depressed patients after three and six months (P = 0.003 and P = 0.004, respectively) of supplementation, with vitamin D levels increasing to normal (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed this anti-depressant effect of vitamin D to occur predominantly in women. The final follow-up showed increases in median BDI-II scores in the setting of decreased vitamin D levels.

Conclusions

Vitamin D levels correlated with BDI-II scores, and vitamin D replacement significantly improved depressive symptoms in women with CLD. Adjuvant vitamin D may be considered in these patients.

Registration No

DRKS00007782 German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS)