Tri-quaternized PES AEMs are synthesized with DABCO-based tri-cationic side chains.
Strong ionic interactions induce good micro-phase separation and anti-swelling.
Conductivity (130.9 mS cm−1) and swelling (21.5%) are well balanced even at 80 °C.
Tri-QPESOH membranes show improved thermal, mechanical and chemical stabilities.