Morphogen-related therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis

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• 作者：Eileen Fung ; Hidekazu Tsukamoto ; ^{htsukamo@med.usc.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：CCL4 ; carbon tetrachloride ; C/EBPa ; CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha ; CTGF ; connective tissue growth factor ; Dlk1 ; delta-like homolog 1 ; ERK1/2 ; extracellular regulated kinases 1 and 2 ; FGF18 ; fibroblast growth factor 18 ; Gfap ; glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Gli1 ; GLI-Krupple family member ; Hes-1 ; hairy and enhancer of split 1 ; HGF ; hepatocyte growth factor ; IGF ; insulin-like growth factor ; IL ; interleukin ; PAF ; platelet activating factor ; PDGF ; platelet-derived growth factor ; Pref-1 ; prea
• 刊名：Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：39
• 期：supp_S1
• 页码：S69-S74
• 全文大小：861 K

文摘

Recent research on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) has spotlighted the involvement of morphogens in their cell fate determination in liver fibrosis. Temporally and spatially expressed during embryonic development, morphogens are involved in regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, and tissue patterning. In normal adult liver, morphogens are generally expressed at low levels. However, in liver disease, myofibroblastic HSCs express morphogens such as Wnt, Shh, Necdin, DLK1, and Notch as part of their participation in fibrogenesis and wound healing. Liver regeneration involves cell proliferation and differentiation akin to embryonic liver development where the cells appear to undergo similar fates, and not surprisingly the morphogens are re-activated for the regenerative purpose in adult liver injury. Evidence also points to crosstalk of these morphogens in regulation of HSC fate determination. Genetic ablation or pharmacologic inhibition of morphogens reverts activated HSC to quiescent cells in culture and attenuates progression of hepatic fibrosis. However, positive regulation of liver regeneration by the morphogens needs to be spared. Therapeutically, manipulation of morphogen activities in a cell type and phase-specific manner should offer new modalities for chronic liver disease.