Comparative in vitro activity of cefditoren and other antimicrobials against Enterobacteriaceae causing community-acquired uncomplicated urinary tract infections in women: a Spanish nationwide multicenter study

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• 作者：Oscar Cuevas ; Emilia Cercenado ; Mercedes Gimeno ; Mercedes Marí ; n ; Pilar Coronel ; Emilio Bouza ; Spanish Urinary Tract Infection Study Group (SUTIS)
• 关键词：Uncomplicated urinary tract infection ; Cystitis ; Pyelonephritis ; Cefditoren ; Surveillance ; Urinary pathogens
• 刊名：Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：July 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：67
• 期：3
• 页码：251-260
• 全文大小：306 K

文摘

Cefditoren is a third-generation orally administered cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. After an oral 400-mg single dose, the mean concentrations in urine are 186.5 mg/L at 2 to 4 h and 12.7 mg/L at 8 to 12 h, and it is a potential drug to be used in the treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). We performed a multicenter nationwide study in Spain in order to determine the in vitro activity of cefditoren and other comparative agents against Enterobacteriaceae causing community-acquired uncomplicated UTI in women. From June 2008 to March 2009, 89 institutions participated in the study. A total of 2152 Enterobacteriaceae were collected and sent to a coordinating laboratory where identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed against 20 antimicrobials using an automated microdilution method (MicroScan; Siemens, Sacramento, CA). Cefditoren MICs were determined by the broth microdilution method (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines) using the same inoculum. Microorganisms isolated were Escherichia coli (81.8 % ), Klebsiella pneumoniae (7.9 % ), Proteus mirabilis (5.2 % ), and others (5.1 % ). A total of 51 isolates (2.4 % ) were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, 3 (0.1 % ) produced plasmidic AmpC enzymes, and 64 (2.9 % ) produced chromosomal AmpC. The MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀ (mg/L) of cefditoren against all isolates was 0.12/0.5. Cefditoren inhibited 96.5 % of isolates at 1 mg/L and was uniformly active against all isolates with the exception of strains producing ESBLs or AmpC enzymes. The MIC₅₀/MIC₉₀ of other antimicrobials were ampicillin (AMP) >16/>16, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/C) ≤8/4/16/8, cefuroxime (FUR) ≤4/8, cefotaxime ≤1/≤1, ciprofloxacin (CIP) ≤0.12/>2, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SxT) ≤2/38/>4/76, and fosfomycin (FOS) ≤16/≤16. The respective percentages of resistance were 61 % , 17.2 % , 5.5 % , 2.3 % , 20.2 % , 27.4 % , and 4.8 % . The activity of cefditoren against Enterobacteriaceae producing community-acquired uncomplicated UTI in women was superior to that of AMP, A/C, FUR, CIP, and SxT and similar to that of FOS.