Astrochronology of four sections in South China yields an Early Triassic timescale.
The end-Permian extinction duration was <40 kyr, and excursion was <6 kyr.
The Smithian–Spathian boundary event and the shift lasted 50 kyr.
The Induan and Olenekian stage durations are 2.0±0.1 myr and 3.1±0.1 myr.
Duration of the Early Triassic Epoch is 5.1±0.1 myr.