From June to October of 2009, 673 males and females, aged 65-100 years and long-term residents of Ikaria Island were enrolled. Of those, 328 (75???7 years) were males and 339 (75???6 years) were females. Nutritional habits, including fish intake, were evaluated using a validated, semi-frequent food questionnaire and the MedDietScore. Urea and creatinine were measured, and CCr rate was estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula.
Eighty-four percent of participants reported fish consumption of more than 150 g/week; 35 % had moderate to severe CCr (<60 mL). Crude analysis revealed that CCr rate was positively associated with fish intake (b ??SE per 100 g/day: 24???9, P = .007); multiple linear regression analysis confirmed the previous finding (b ??SE per 100 g/day: 11???2, P = .001) after adjusting for overall dietary habits through the MedDietScore and other potential confounders. Fish intake was positively associated with CCr. Furthermore, multi-adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that fish consumption of 100 g/day increased the likelihood by 121 % of having a CCr greater than 60 mL (95 % confidence interval 10 % -343 % ).
Long-term fish consumption was independently associated with improved kidney function among elderly individuals, a finding that extends the current knowledge regarding the benefits of fish intake on human health.