Thermodynamic analysis of brine management methods: Zero-discharge desalination and salinity-gradient power production

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• 作者：Hyung Won Chung ; Kishor G. Nayar ; Jaichander Swaminathan ; Karim M. Chehayeb ; John H. Lienhard V ; ^{lienhard@mit.edu}
• 关键词：Brine management ; Zero-discharge desalination ; Zero-liquid discharge ; ZLD ; PRO ; Salt production
• 刊名：Desalination
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：17 February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：404
• 期：Complete
• 页码：291-303
• 全文大小：1143 K
• 卷排序：404

文摘

ZDD and salinity-gradient energy were studied as brine management technologies. Minimum exergy for crystallization is below brine concentration for feed salinity  <100 g/kg. A reversible “blackbox” salinity-gradient power generation system was analyzed. Second Law efficiencies of crystallizer and brine concentrator were calculated. PRO system coupled with desalination can save about 0.42 kW h/m3.