This paper proposes a method based on the photoinduced birefringence of thin-cladding long-period fiber grating for surrounding refractive index measurement.
The core mode and cladding modes for optical fibers of various cladding radii are analyzed with the three-layer fiber model.
The sensing principle is analyzed using the full-vector coupled mode equations and the Stokes parameters, and the effects of LPFG and incident light parameters on the sensing properties are investigated.
The method needs a tunable laser source for the measurement of output light polarization states.