Palladium-Catalyzed Stille Couplings of Aryl-, Vinyl-, and Alkyltrichlorostannanes in Aqueous Solution
文摘
Stille coupling of water-soluble aryl and vinyl halides with alkyl-, aryl-, and vinyltrichlorostannane derivatives (RSnClb>3b>) are effected in aqueous solution using a catalyst generated in situ from PdClb>2b> and KOH both with and without added PhP(m-Cb>6b>Hb>4b>SOb>3b>Na)b>2b>. The yields are generally good to excellent, although some limitations of the protocol are described.