Electrochemical intercalation of Li⁺ into nanodomain Li₄Mn₅O₁₂

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• 作者：Sv. Ivanova^a ; E. Zhecheva^a ; ^{zhecheva@svr.igic.bas.bg} ; D. Nihtianova^a ; ^b ; Ml. Mladenov^c ; R. Stoyanova^a
• 关键词：Energy storage materials ; Chemical synthesis ; Nanodomain structure ; Electrochemical intercalation ; Lithium manganese spinels ; Lithium ion batteries
• 刊名：Journal of Alloys and Compounds
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：5 June, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：561
• 期：Complete
• 页码：252-261
• 全文大小：1748 K

文摘

Elaboration of materials with nanodomain structures is a new approach for improving the electrochemical properties of electrodes for lithium ion batteries. In this study, the effects of nanodomain structure and particle size distribution on the electrochemical intercalation of Li⁺ in Li₄Mn₅O₁₂ are examined by applying powder X-ray diffractions, TEM and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). The composite structure of XRD-pure Li₄Mn₅O₁₂ comprises layered- and spinel-like nanodomains. The formation of nanodomain structure, as well as the particle size distribution, is effectively controlled by applying two methods of synthesis: the oxalate and the acetate precursor techniques. The electrochemical intercalation of Li⁺ into the spinel compositions is analysed in model lithium cells in galvanostatic mode. The surface interaction of Li₄Mn₅O₁₂ with the electrolyte solution is followed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results obtained reveal that the capacity in the 3 V-range is determined by the extent of the non-homogeneous distribution of Mn⁴⁺, while the cycling stability is a result from the particle morphology. The interaction between electrode and electrolyte bears the impact of the particle sizes.