An objective assessment of halitosis in children with adenoid vegetation during pre- and post-operative period

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• 作者：Mehmet Emre Dinc^a ; ^{dremredinc@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Aytug Altundag^b ; Denizhan Dizdar^c ; Mehmet Ozgur Avincsal^a ; Ethem Sahin^d ; Seckin Ulusoy^a ; Ceki Paltura^a
• 关键词：Halitosis ; Adenoid ; Adenoidectomy ; Volatile sulfur compounds ; OralChroma
• 刊名：International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：September 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：88
• 期：Complete
• 页码：47-51
• 全文大小：229 K

文摘

Although most specialists in otorhinolaryngology and pediatrics find halitosis to be a common problem in children with adenoid hypertrophy, there are no objective data on this topic in the literature. Whether adenoid hypertrophy is a risk factor for halitosis or whether halitosis is a sign of adenoid hypertrophy remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether children diagnosed with adenoid hypertrophy have a higher probability of halitosis than do children in the normal population and whether adenoidectomy can decrease oral malodor.

Methods

Forty children with adenoid hypertrophy and 40 healthy subjects aged 5–15 years were included in the study. The children with adenoid hypertrophy underwent adenoidectomy operations and were followed for 3 months. We measured volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH), and dimethyl sulfide (CH₃)₂S using an objective method, a portable gas chromatograph (OralChroma; AbiMedical, Osaka, Japan).

Results

The mean CH₃SH and (CH₃)₂S levels were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the adenoid hypertrophy group and the controls. The H₂S, CH₃SH, and (CH₃)₂S levels in the third postoperative month were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the preoperative period, and there was no significant difference postoperatively between the patients with adenoid hypertrophy and controls. There was a positive correlation between age and VSC levels, and CH₃SH levels were significantly higher in patients with ventilation tube insertion, rather than just adenoidectomy.

Conclusions

There was a statistically significant association between halitosis and adenoid hypertrophy, and a significant improvement in halitosis was obtained following adenoidectomy. The present study provides an association between halitosis and adenoid hypertrophy. If there is no other oral pathology causing halitosis, halitosis can be a sign of adenoid hypertrophy in children.