We prospectively studied a myeloablative conditioning regimen with reduced toxicity, (fludarabine and busulfan × 4), followed by allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for high-risk multiple myeloma.
The regimen was safe, without early toxic death or graft failure. Treatment-related mortality was decreased, when compared with other conventional myeloablative regimens.
The overall outcomes were not improved because of ongoing high relapse and chronic graft-versus-host disease rates.
Additional strategies (eg, combining a targeted agent with graft-versus-host disease–modulating property, especially a proteasome inhibitor, or maintenance therapy) are needed.