Shiga toxin (Stx) rapidly reduces the level of short-lived anti-apoptotic proteins.
Stx induces activation of caspase 9 and apoptosis.
Proteasome inhibitors prevent the reduction of anti-apoptotic proteins.
Proteasome inhibitors suppress Stx-induced apoptosis.
Bortezomib prolongs the survival of mice challenged with a lethal dose of Stx.