Unraveling of the Effect of Nodose Ganglion Degeneration on the Coronary Artery Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

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• 作者：Coskun Yolas¹ ; Ayhan Kanat² ; ^{ayhankanat@yahoo.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Mehmet Dumlu Aydin³ ; ^{nmda11@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Ender Altas⁴ ; Ilyas Ferit Kanat⁵ ; Hizir Kazdal⁶ ; Aslihan Duman⁷ ; Betul Gundogdu⁸ ; Nesrin Gursan⁸
• 关键词：Coronary artery vasospasm ; Nodose ganglion ; Subarachnoid hemorrhage
• 刊名：World Neurosurgery
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：86
• 期：Complete
• 页码：79-87
• 全文大小：3071 K

文摘

Cardiac arrest is a major life-threatening complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Although medullary cardiocirculatuar center injury and central sympathetic overactivity have been suspected of initiating coronary artery spasm-induced cardiac arrest, we aimed to elucidate the effects of vagal ischemia at the brainstem on coronary vasospasm and sudden death in SAH.

Methods

Twenty-six rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups. Control (n = 5); SHAM (n = 8), and SAH group (n = 13). Experimental SAH was applied by injecting homologous blood into the cisterna magna, and the SHAM group was injected with isotonic saline solution also in the cisterna magna., Twenty-one days after the injection, histopathologic changes of the neuron density of nodose ganglia, the vasospasm index values of the coronary arteries, and the electrocardiographic events were analyzed.

Results

Increased vasospasm index of the coronary arteries and degenerated neuron density of nodose ganglion were significantly different between animals with SAH, control, and SHAM groups (P < 0.005). If neurons of the nodose ganglia are lesioned due to ischemic insult during SAH, the heart rhythm regulation by vagus afferent reflexes is disturbed.

Conclusions

We found that there is causal relationship between nodose ganglion degeneration and coronary vasospasm. Our finding could be the reason that many cardiac events occur in patients with SAH. Vagal pathway paralysis induced by indirect sympathetic overactivity may trigger coronary vasospasm and heart rhythm disturbances. Our findings will aid in the planning of future experimental studies and in determining the clinical relevance of such studies.