The internal dynamics of privatised public education: Fee-charging supplementary tutoring provided by teachers in Cambodia
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- 作者：Mark Bray ; mbray@hku.hk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author ; Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze nkobakhidze@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author ; Junyan Liu liujy0211@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author ; Wei Zhang weizh@hku.hk" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author
- 关键词：Cambodia ; Shadow education ; Privatisation ; Private supplementary tutoring
- 刊名：International Journal of Educational Development
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：July 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：49
- 期：Complete
- 页码：291-299
- 全文大小：831 K
文摘
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Cambodian public schooling is officially free. In reality families incur considerable costs, including for supplementary education.
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The paper presents data from six secondary schools in one province, examining the nature and dynamics of tutoring.
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Major questions arise from the fact that much tutoring is provided by serving teachers, commonly to their own students and in their own schools.
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The tutoring partly arises because of government underfunding of salaries; but since teachers earn the extra incomes, underfunding is able to continue.