A triple-effect permeability model for fluid flow through rough fractures is proposed.
Tortuosities are scaled by class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0017931016316817&_mathId=si21.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0017931016316817&_rdoc=1&_issn=00179310&md5=a0c4f2f7b81388d057b0a66efb4107ca" title="Click to view the MathML source">4(H-1)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> with the mean aperture in self-affine fractures.
Three flow regimes are identified and that is caused by the size effect.