Recent Progress in CRISPR/Cas9 Technology

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• 作者：Yue Mei^a ; ^b ; Yan Wang^a ; Huiqian Chen^c ; Zhong Sheng Sun^a ; ^c ; ^{sunzs@mail.biols.ac.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Xing-Da Ju^d ; ^{juxd513@nenu.edu.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：CRISPR/Cas9 ; Genome editing ; Epigenome editing ; RNA editing
• 刊名：Journal of Genetics and Genomics
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：20 February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：43
• 期：2
• 页码：63-75
• 全文大小：523 K

文摘

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, a simple and efficient tool for genome editing, has experienced rapid progress in its technology and applicability in the past two years. Here, we review the recent advances in CRISPR/Cas9 technology and the ways that have been adopted to expand our capacity for precise genome manipulation. First, we introduce the mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9, including its biochemical and structural implications. Second, we highlight the latest improvements in the CRISPR/Cas9 system, especially Cas9 protein modifications for customization. Third, we review its current applications, in which the versatile CRISPR/Cas9 system was employed to edit the genome, epigenome, or RNA of various organisms. Although CRISPR/Cas9 allows convenient genome editing accompanied by many benefits, we should not ignore the significant ethical and biosafety concerns that it raises. Finally, we discuss the prospective applications and challenges of several promising techniques adapted from CRISPR/Cas9.