Consider the following eigenvalue problem of p-Laplacian equation
class="formula" id="fd000005">
class="label">class="offscreen">equation(P)
where
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si2.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=07e4e72d63b7a83231f7d78b8736cb0b" title="Click to view the MathML source">a≥0class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">,
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si3.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=fb59ca7b5681e621d619720d84aeb3a9" title="Click to view the MathML source">p∈(1,n)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> and
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si4.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=609a4706022c45810d0bbaf053221230" title="Click to view the MathML source">μ∈Rclass="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">.
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si5.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=23738ff89bab2cd8480e6cbef02a0e60" title="Click to view the MathML source">V(x)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> is a trapping type potential, e.g.,
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si6.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=6bbe680d6ac873083aca90ad54851570" title="Click to view the MathML source">infx∈RnV(x)<lim|x|→+∞V(x)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">. By using constrained variational methods, we proved that there is
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si7.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=2f52be265a7dcafcc3a3ef5618db0b28" title="Click to view the MathML source">a∗>0class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">, which can be given explicitly, such that problem
(P) has a ground state
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si8.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=c94c15f0aca45c2e350875fbb552a162" title="Click to view the MathML source">uclass="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> with
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si9.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=3902ad63af5e7f9665f497235f24a584" title="Click to view the MathML source">|u|Lp=1class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> for some
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si4.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=609a4706022c45810d0bbaf053221230" title="Click to view the MathML source">μ∈Rclass="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> and all
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si11.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=ca1325a710870acaeefd2a32cf03524f" title="Click to view the MathML source">a∈[0,a∗)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">, but
(P) has no this kind of ground state if
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si12.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=eb07468b22bae65906d387cf535bd113" title="Click to view the MathML source">a≥a∗class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">. Furthermore, by establishing some delicate energy estimates we show that the global maximum point of the ground state of problem
(P) approaches one of the global minima of
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si5.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=23738ff89bab2cd8480e6cbef02a0e60" title="Click to view the MathML source">V(x)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> and blows up if
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si14.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=fd40656c2c30d21db04cff900c361444" title="Click to view the MathML source">a↗a∗class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode">. The optimal rate of blowup is obtained for
class="mathmlsrc">class="formulatext stixSupport mathImg" data-mathURL="/science?_ob=MathURL&_method=retrieve&_eid=1-s2.0-S0362546X1630236X&_mathId=si5.gif&_user=111111111&_pii=S0362546X1630236X&_rdoc=1&_issn=0362546X&md5=23738ff89bab2cd8480e6cbef02a0e60" title="Click to view the MathML source">V(x)class="mathContainer hidden">class="mathCode"> being a polynomial type potential.