Neighbourhood disadvantage and smoking: Examining the role of neighbourhood-level psychosocial characteristics

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• 作者：Jerome N. Rachele^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{jerome.rachele@acu.edu.au" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Lisa Wood^d ; ^{lisa.wood@uwa.edu.au" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Andrea Nathan^a ; ^b ; ^{andrea.nathan@acu.edu.au" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Katrina Giskes^e ; ^{kgis4867@uni.sydney.edu.au" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Gavin Turrell^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{gavin.turrell@acu.edu.au" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Smoking ; Neighbourhood disadvantage ; Psychosocial characteristics ; Social environment ; Socioeconomic status
• 刊名：Health & Place
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：July 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：40
• 期：Complete
• 页码：98-105
• 全文大小：465 K

文摘

This study aims to determine if neighbourhood psychosocial characteristics contribute to inequalities in smoking among residents from neighbourhoods of differing socioeconomic disadvantage.

Methods

This cross-sectional study includes 11,035 residents from 200 neighbourhoods in Brisbane, Australia in 2007. Self-reported measures were obtained for smoking and neighbourhood psychosocial characteristics (perceptions of incivilities, crime and safety, and social cohesion). Neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantage was measured using a census-derived index. Data were analysed using multilevel logistic regression random intercept models.

Results

Smoking was associated with neighbourhood disadvantage; this relationship remained after adjustment for individual-level socioeconomic position. Area-level perceptions of crime and safety and social cohesion were not independently associated with smoking, and did not explain the higher prevalence of smoking in disadvantaged areas; however, perceptions of incivilities showed an independent effect.

Conclusions

Some neighbourhood psychosocial characteristics seem to contribute to the higher rates of smoking in disadvantaged areas.