Site formation and chronology of the new Paleolithic site Sima de Las Palomas de Teba, southern Spain

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• 作者：Martin Kehl^a ; ^{kehlm@uni-koeln.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Christoph Burow^a ; ^{christoph.burow@uni-koeln.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Pedro Cantalejo^b ; ^{pedrocantalejo@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Salvador Domí ; nguez-Bella^c ; ^{salvador.dominguez@uca.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Juan José ; Durá ; n^d ; ^{jj.duran@igme.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Felix Henselowsky^a ; ^{felix.henselowsky@uni-koeln.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Nicole Klasen^a ; ^{nicole.klasen@uni-koeln.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jö ; rg Linstä ; dter^e ; ^{joerg.linstaedter@uni-koeln.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Javier Medianero^b ; ^{javiermedianero@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Andreas Pastoors^f ; ^{pastoors@neanderthal.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; José ; Ramos^g ; ^{jose.ramos@uca.es" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Klaus Reicherter^h ; ^{k.reicherter@nug.rwth-aachen.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Christoph Schmidt^a ; ⁱ ; ^{christoph.schmidt@uni-bayreuth.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Gerd-Christian Weniger^f ; ^{weniger@neanderthal.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Neanderthal occupation ; Site formation processes ; Micromorphology ; Luminescence dating
• 刊名：Quaternary Research
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：85
• 期：2
• 页码：313-331
• 全文大小：3885 K

文摘

The newly identified Paleolithic site Sima de Las Palomas de Teba hosts an almost seven-m-thick sediment profile investigated here to elucidate the rock shelter's chronostratigraphy and formation processes. At its base, the sediment sequence contains rich archeological deposits recording intensive occupation by Neanderthals. Luminescence provides a terminus ante quem of 39.4 ± 2.6 ka or 44.9 ± 4.1 ka (OSL) and 51.4 ± 8.4 ka (TL). This occupation ended with a rockfall event followed by accumulation of archeologically sterile sediments. These were covered by sediments containing few Middle Paleolithic artifacts, which either indicate ephemeral occupation by Neanderthals or reworking as suggested by micromorphological features. Above this unit, scattered lithic artifacts of undiagnostic character may represent undefined Paleolithic occupations. Sediment burial ages between about 23.0 ± 1.5 ka (OSL) and 40.5 ± 3.4 ka (pIRIR) provide an Upper Paleolithic chronology for sediments deposited above the rockfall. Finally, a dung-bearing Holocene layer in the uppermost part of the sequence contains a fragment of a human mandible dated to 4032 ± 39 ¹⁴C yr BP. Overall, the sequence represents an important new site for studying the end of Neanderthal occupation in southern Spain.