Chemo-type of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. from DR Congo and relative in vitro antioxidant potential to the polarity of crude extracts

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• 作者：Dorothé ; e Dinangayi Tshilanda¹ ; ^{dorothee.tshilanda@unikin.ac.cd" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Philippe Bila Babady² ; Damase Nguwo Vele Onyamboko¹ ; Christian Muamba Tshilolo Tshiongo¹ ; Damien Sha-Tshibey Tshibangu¹ ; Koto-te-Nyiwa Ngbolua³ ; Philippe Vuka Tsalu¹ ; Pius Tshimankinda Mpiana¹
• 关键词：Ocimum basilicum L. ; Essential oil ; Polar and non-polar crude extracts ; In vitro antioxidant potential ; GC&ndash ; MS analysis
• 刊名：Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：6
• 期：12
• 页码：1022-1028
• 全文大小：515 K

文摘

To carry out a phyto-chemical characterization of essential oil from Ocimum basilicum L. (O. basilicum) harvested in DR Congo and to assess the antioxidant potential of crude extracts with respect to the polarity for comparison reason.

Methods

The phyto-chemical characterization of essential oil produced by hydro-distillation was performed by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis and the antioxidant potential evaluation by in vitro 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity method.

Results

A previously weighed amount of fresh leaves of O. basilicum produced 0.65% of essential oil that led to the identification of a set of 84.44% out of 99.98% as major compounds (> 1.5%). The chemo-type of this essential oil was linalool-methyl chavicol. Chemical components of oil were characterized by oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons (46.00%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (26.75%). With respect to the amount of components, methyl chavicol also known as estragole (35.72%) constituted the very large quantity afterward linalool (21.25%) and then epi-α-cadinol (8.02%), α-bergamotene (6.56%), eugenol (4.60%), 1,8-cineole (4.04%), germacrene D (2.06%), thymol (1.64%), and (E)-citral (1.55%), respectively. Essential oil exhibited antioxidant potential and IC₅₀ = (1.180 ± 0.015) mg/mL. Non-polar crude extracts yields were low compared to the one of polar extracts. Only methanol and ethyl acetate had considerably manifested antioxidant potential with IC₅₀ values equal to (0.025 ± 0.013) mg/mL and (0.085 ± 0.012) mg/mL, respectively. As concerns to IC₅₀ values, essential oil was less active than methanol and ethyl acetate extracts. The methanol crude extract exhibited the highest activity. Non-polar extracts showed insignificant radical scavenging ability that did not allow assessing IC₅₀ values. These results highlighted the occurrence of antioxidant potential compounds in polar media.

Conclusions

Essential oil and crude extracts of O. basilicum growing in DR Congo can be advocated as natural sources of antioxidant potential compounds not only in food but also in pharmaceutical industries. The high antioxidant potential of polar crude extracts highlights antioxidant character of its composition particularly butyl stearate and rosmarinic acid we isolated and identified, respectively in the methanol crude extract.