Effects of repeated 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments on ripening and superficial scald of ¡®Cortland¡¯ and ¡®Delicious¡¯ apples

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• 作者：Xingang Lu^a ; ^b ; Jacqueline F. Nock^a ; Yanping Ma^a ; ^c ; Xinghua Liu^b ; Christopher B. Watkins^a ; ^{cbw3@cornell.edu}
• 关键词：Malus× ; domestica Borkh ; Ethylene ; Firmness ; Storage ; Physiological disorders
• 刊名：Postharvest Biology and Technology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：April, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：78
• 期：Complete
• 页码：48-54
• 全文大小：752 K

文摘

Postharvest 1-MCP can maintain fruit quality and inhibit development of superficial scald, a physiological storage disorder found in apple fruit, but the extent of the inhibition can vary by cultivar. In this study, we investigated whether multiple applications of 1-MCP, which are now permitted by a label modification of the commercial 1-MCP product, SmartFresh?, might improve scald control. ¡®Cortland¡¯ and ¡®Delicious¡¯ apples were untreated, treated on the day of harvest with the antioxidant inhibitor of scald, diphenylamine (DPA), or with 1 ¦ÌL L^?1 1-MCP at different intervals after harvest. Treatment times (days) were 1, 4, 7, 1 + 4, 4 + 7, 1 + 4 + 7, 7 + 14, 7 + 28, 7 + 42, and 7 + 84. Internal ethylene concentrations (IECs), flesh firmness, and accumulations of ¦Á-farnesene and conjugated trienols (CTols) were measured at harvest, at the time of treatment, and at intervals during air storage at 0.5 ¡ãC for up to 36 weeks. Scald was completely inhibited by DPA and all 1-MCP treatments in ¡®Delicious¡¯. However, effective control of scald in ¡®Cortland¡¯ was obtained with 1-MCP treatments within the first 4 days of harvest, either alone or in combination. Scald control with delayed 1-MCP treatments resulted in poorer scald control that was comparable to that obtained with DPA. IECs and ¦Á-farnesene accumulation were similar in untreated and DPA treated fruit, but inhibited by 1-MCP. However, differences among 1-MCP treatments became more evident with increasing storage periods. Inhibition of IECs and ¦Á-farnesene accumulation was greater in fruit treated on days 1, 4, 1 + 4, 4 + 7, 1 + 4 + 7, than on day 7 alone. A second application of 1-MCP on day 14 to fruit treated on day 7 increased inhibition of IECs, ¦Á-farnesene and CTol accumulations, but increasing delays before the second 1-MCP treatment resulted in progressively less inhibition of these factors. Similar effects of treatment on IECs, ¦Á-farnesene and CTol accumulations were found for both cultivars, even though no scald was detected in treated ¡®Delicious¡¯ apples. The results indicate that initial 1-MCP treatments should be applied to faster ripening cultivars such as ¡®Cortland¡¯ within a few days of harvest.