To estimate local dynamic stability (LDS) state-space reconstruction is necessary.
The Euclidean norm function (N) can be used to collate the dynamics of a 3D system.
With N, non-linear transformations can occur, skewing Lyapunov exponents (λmax).
λmax estimate error can be reduced by eliminating zero-crossings in kinematic data.
3D components should be shifted completely into positive space prior to applying N.