Found a CpG ODN, 1670A, containing the optimal sequence with strong immune stimulatory and antiviral activity in grass carp.
CpG ODN induced immune response by TLR9 signaling pathway largely.
TLR21 did not play a role in the immune response to CpG ODN.
RLRs participated in the immune response caused by the efficient CpG ODN.
IFNγ2 played an important role in response to the efficient CpG ODN.