Many-body quantum electrodynamics networks: Non-equilibrium condensed matter physics with light

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Karyn Le Hur^a ; ^{karyn.le-hur@polytechnique.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Loï ; c Henriet^a ; Alexandru Petrescu^b ; ^a ; Kirill Plekhanov^a ; Guillaume Roux^c ; Marco Schiró ; ^d
• 关键词：Condensed-matter physics with light ; Superconducting circuit quantum electrodynamics networks ; Josephson effect and nanoscience ; Dissipative and driven quantum impurity models ; Jaynes&ndash ; Cummings and Rabi lattices ; Topological phases and synthetic gauge fields
• 刊名：Comptes Rendus Physique
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：October-November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：17
• 期：8
• 页码：808-835
• 全文大小：2450 K

文摘

We review recent developments regarding the quantum dynamics and many-body physics with light, in superconducting circuits and Josephson analogues, by analogy with atomic physics. We start with quantum impurity models addressing dissipative and driven systems. Both theorists and experimentalists are making efforts towards the characterization of these non-equilibrium quantum systems. We show how Josephson junction systems can implement the equivalent of the Kondo effect with microwave photons. The Kondo effect can be characterized by a renormalized light frequency and a peak in the Rayleigh elastic transmission of a photon. We also address the physics of hybrid systems comprising mesoscopic quantum dot devices coupled with an electromagnetic resonator. Then, we discuss extensions to Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) Networks allowing one to engineer the Jaynes–Cummings lattice and Rabi lattice models through the presence of superconducting qubits in the cavities. This opens the door to novel many-body physics with light out of equilibrium, in relation with the Mott–superfluid transition observed with ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices. Then, we summarize recent theoretical predictions for realizing topological phases with light. Synthetic gauge fields and spin–orbit couplings have been successfully implemented in quantum materials and with ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices — using time-dependent Floquet perturbations periodic in time, for example — as well as in photonic lattice systems. Finally, we discuss the Josephson effect related to Bose–Hubbard models in ladder and two-dimensional geometries, producing phase coherence and Meissner currents. The Bose–Hubbard model is related to the Jaynes–Cummings lattice model in the large detuning limit between light and matter (the superconducting qubits). In the presence of synthetic gauge fields, we show that Meissner currents subsist in an insulating Mott phase.