Repellent activity of the creams formulated from Annona senegalensis and Boswellia dalzielii leaf fractions and essential oils against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae)

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• 作者：Lame Younoussa^a ; ^{younoussalame@yahoo.com} ; Elias Nchiwan Nukenine^a ; Simon Pierre Yinyang Danga^a ; Charles Okechukwu Esimone^b
• 关键词：Repellent cream ; Annona senegalensis ; Boswellia dalzielii ; Anopheles gambiae
• 刊名：Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：6
• 期：12
• 页码：973-978
• 全文大小：296 K
• 卷排序：6

文摘

To investigate the repellent efficacy of the creams formulated from methanol extract and n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions as well as essential oils of Annona senegalensis (A. senegalensis) and Boswellia dalzielii (B. dalzielii) leaves against the malarial vector Anopheles gambiae (An. gambiae) in the laboratory.MethodsThe efficacies of 25% w/w active ingredient creams formulated from the plant-based products were tested. Different concentrations of the creams, ranging from 2.0 to 12.0 mg/cm²were applied on the exposed dorsal hand area (25 cm2) of volunteers. The treated hands were submitted to 50 caged blood-starved females of An. gambiae for 3 min after every 30 min until 180 min.ResultsTotal protection of up to 120 and 60 min without bites of An. gambiae were recorded with n-hexane creams applied at 12 mg/cm2 respectively for A. senegalensis and B. dalzielii. The essential oil creams of the two tested plants applied at 6 mg/cm2 protected volunteers up to 120 min without mosquito bites. The commercial Odomos cream (12% N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) tested as the positive control at 6 mg/cm2 protected volunteers from mosquito bites up to180 min.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the cream formulated from the n-hexane fraction of A. senegalensis and essential oil creams of A. senegalensis and B. dalzielii leaves have the potential of a natural herbal source for the development of new, safe and eco-friendly repellent products to prevent An. gambiae bites.