Nitroxidative Signaling Mechanisms in Pathological Pain

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• 作者：Peter M. Grace¹ ; ⁴ ; ^{pgrace@mdanderson.org} ; Andrew D. Gaudet¹ ; Vasiliki Staikopoulos² ; Steven F. Maier¹ ; Mark R. Hutchinson² ; Daniela Salvemini³ ; Linda R. Watkins¹
• 关键词：NADPH oxidase ; mitochondria ; sensitization ; TRP channels ; neuroinflammation ; exercise
• 刊名：Trends in Neurosciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：39
• 期：12
• 页码：862-879
• 全文大小：2844 K
• 卷排序：39

文摘

Tissue injury can initiate bidirectional signaling between neurons, glia, and immune cells that creates and amplifies pain. While the ability for neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and cytokines to initiate and maintain pain has been extensively studied, recent work has identified a key role for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS; nitroxidative species), including superoxide, peroxynitrite, and hydrogen peroxide. In this review we describe how nitroxidative species are generated after tissue injury and the mechanisms by which they enhance neuroexcitability in pain pathways. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies for normalizing nitroxidative signaling, which may also enhance opioid analgesia, to help to alleviate the enormous burden of pathological pain.