Does Overall Diet in Midlife Predict Future Aging Phenotypes? A Cohort Study

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• 作者：Tasnime Akbaraly ; PhD^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^{tasnime.akbaraly@inserm.fr} ; Sé ; verine Sabia ; PhD^a ; ^d ; Gareth Hagger-Johnson ; PhD^a ; Adam G. Tabak ; MD^a ; ^e ; Martin J. Shipley ; MSc^a ; Markus Jokela ; PhD^a ; ^f ; ^g ; Eric J. Brunner ; PhD^a ; Mark Hamer ; PhD^a ; G. David Batty ; PhD^a ; ^h ; Archana Singh-Manoux ; PhD^a ; ^d ; Mika Kivimaki ; PhD^a
• 关键词：Aging ; Cognitive functioning ; Dietary patterns ; Diet quality indices ; Mortality ; Nutritional epidemiology ; Overall diet ; Physical functioning
• 刊名：The American Journal of Medicine
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：May, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：126
• 期：5
• 页码：411-419.e3
• 全文大小：394 K

文摘

Background

The impact of diet on specific age-related diseases has been studied extensively, but few investigations have adopted a more holistic approach to determine the association of diet with overall health at older ages. We examined whether diet, assessed in midlife, using dietary patterns and adherence to the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), is associated with aging phenotypes, identified after a mean 16-year follow-up.

Methods

Data were drawn from the Whitehall II cohort study of 5350 adults (age 51.3 ¡À 5.3 years, 29.4 % women). Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1993). Mortality, chronic diseases, and functioning were ascertained from hospital data, register linkage, and screenings every 5 years and were used to create 5 outcomes at follow-up: ideal aging (free of chronic conditions and high performance in physical, mental, and cognitive functioning tests; 4 % ), nonfatal cardiovascular event (7.3 % ), cardiovascular death (2.8 % ), noncardiovascular death (12.7 % ), and normal aging (73.2 % ).

Results

Low adherence to the AHEI was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death. In addition, participants with a ¡°Western-type¡± diet (characterized by high intakes of fried and sweet food, processed food and red meat, refined grains, and high-fat dairy products) had lower odds of ideal aging (odds ratio for top vs bottom tertile: 0.58; 95 % confidence interval, 0.36-0.94; P = .02), independently of other health behaviors.

Conclusions

By considering healthy aging as a composite of cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, mental, and cognitive function, the present study offers a new perspective on the impact of diet on aging phenotypes.