Developing improved immunoassays for paralytic shellfish toxins: The need for multiple, superior antibodies
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- 作者：Betsy Jean Yakes ; Samantha M. Prezioso ; Stacey L. DeGrasse
- 关键词：Surface plasmon resonance ; Paralytic shellfish poisoning ; Saxitoxin ; Lateral flow immuno-chromatography ; Immunoassay ; Cross-reactivity
- 刊名：Talanta
- 出版年：2012
- 出版时间：15 September, 2012
- 年：2012
- 卷：99
- 期：Complete
- 页码：668-676
- 全文大小：721 K
文摘
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are a risk to humans upon consumption of contaminated seafood. The PST family is comprised of more than twenty congeners, with each form having a different potency. In order to adequately protect consumers yet reduce unnecessary closures of non-contaminated harvesting areas, a rapid method that allows for analysis of sample toxicity is needed. While a number of PST immunoassays exist, the outstanding challenge is linking quantitative response to sample toxicity, as no single antibody reacts to the PST congeners in a manner that correlates with potency. A novel approach, then, is to combine multiple antibodies of varying reactivity to create a screening assay. This research details our investigation of three currently available antibodies for their reactivity profiles determined using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor assay. While our study shows challenges with detection of the R1-hydroxylated PSTs, results indicate that using multiple antibodies may provide more confidence in determining overall toxicity and the toxin profile. A multiplexed approach would not only improve biosensor assays but could also be applied to lateral flow immuno-chromatographic platforms, and such a theoretical device incorporating the three antibodies is presented. These improved assays could reduce the number of animal bioassays and confirmatory analyses (e.g., LC/MS), thereby improving food safety and economic use of shellfish resources.