Novel approaches: Tissue engineering and stem cells - In vitro modelling of the gut

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• 作者：Jorik M. van Rijn ; MSc¹ (PhD student) ; Kerstin Schneeberger ; PhD¹ ; ² (Research Fellow) ; Caroline L. Wiegerinck ; PhD (Research Fellow) ; Edward E.S. Nieuwenhuis ; MD ; PhD (Professor ; Head of Department) ; Sabine Middendorp ; PhD (Associate Professor)
• 关键词：Organoids ; Intestinal epithelial cells ; Disease modelling ; Stem cell therapy
• 刊名：Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：30
• 期：2
• 页码：281-293
• 全文大小：853 K

文摘

In many intestinal diseases, the function of the epithelial lining is impaired. In this review, we describe the recent developments of in vitro intestinal stem cell cultures. When these stem cells are grown in 3D structures (organoids), they provide a model of the intestinal epithelium, which is closely similar to the growth and development of the in vivo gut. This model provides a new tool to study various diseases of malabsorption in functional detail and therapeutic applications, which could not be achieved with traditional cell lines. First, we describe the organization and function of the healthy small intestinal epithelium. Then, we discuss the establishment of organoid cultures and how these structures represent the healthy epithelium. Finally, we discuss organoid cultures as a tool for studying intrinsic properties of the epithelium, as a model for intestinal disease, and as a possible source for stem cell transplantations.