Cross-sectional data analysis of a community-based study, Kangwha Island, South Korea.
BMD, measured at the os calcis using a quantitative ultrasound device, was expressed as stiffness index and T-score. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Korean version of Beck Depression Inventory (K-BDI). Depression was defined as a K-BDI score of 16 or higher. Participants also completed a questionnaire, including demographic factors, metabolic abnormalities, and health-related lifestyle factors.
A total of 932 local residents (422 men and 510 women) aged 60-80 years completed the questionnaires and baseline BMD evaluation. Men with depression had a significantly lower stiffness index compared to those without depression in an age-adjusted (77.2 ¡À 5.2 vs. 86.0 ¡À 1.5, p = 0.002) and a multivariate-adjusted model (78.5 ¡À 5.2 vs. 85. 9 ¡À 1.5, p = 0.007). Correspondingly, men with depression had an increased probability of having an osteoporosis (T-score ?#xA0;?.5) compared to those without depression; the age-adjusted odds ratio was 2.86 (95 % CI, 1.36-6.01) and the multivariate-adjusted odds ratio was 2.69 (95 % CI, 1.26-5.76). However, no significant association was observed in older women.
Depression was significantly associated with lower BMD in Korean older men, but not in women.