Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) promotes osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMMSCs).
TUDCA stimulates Integrin 5 (ITGA5) associated with activation of ERK1/2 signal pathway.
TUDCA enhances bone tissue regeneration by the suppression of apoptosis and inflammatory response.
TUDCA promotes bone tissue regeneration in mouse calvarial defects.
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), which has a similar chemical structure to TUDCA, also increases bone regeneration.
TUDCA is a useful pharmacological substitute for BMP-2, which is clinically available for bone tissue regeneration.