The role and mechanism-of-action of Sema3E and Plexin-D1 in vascular and neural development

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• 作者：Won-Jong Oh ; Chenghua Gu ; ^{chenghua_gu@hms.harvard.edu}
• 关键词：Semaphorin3E ; Plexin-D1 ; Semaphorins ; Plexins ; Neural development ; Vascular development ; Guidance ; Signaling
• 刊名：Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：March, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：24
• 期：3
• 页码：156-162
• 全文大小：455 K

文摘

Class 3 secreted semaphorins (Sema3A-3G) participate in many aspects of axon guidance through holoreceptor complexes that include Neuropilin-1 (Npn-1) or Neuropilin-2 and one of the four class A plexin proteins. However, unlike other Sema3 family proteins, Sema3E directly binds to Plexin-D1 without neuropilins. Its biological function was first explored in intersomitic vessel formation and since its initial discovery, Sema3E-Plexin-D1 signaling has been found to participate in the many biological systems in addition to vascular development, via seemingly different mode of actions. For example, temporal and spatial control of ligand vs. receptor results in two different mechanisms governing vascular patterning. Interactions with other transmembrane proteins such as neuropilin and VEGFR2 result in different axonal behaviors. Ligand receptor localization on pre- vs. post-synaptic neurons is used to control different types of synapse formation. Perhaps different downstream effectors will also result in different functional outcomes. Given the limited number of ligands and receptors in the genome and their multifunctional nature, we expect that more modes of action will be discovered in the future. In this review, we highlight current advances on the mechanisms of how Sema3E-Plexin-D1 interaction shapes the networks of multiple biological systems, in particular the vascular and nervous systems.