YMPE and their major microbial metabolites are not cytotoxic to HepG2 cells.
Direct treatment with YMPE, DHCA and DHFA decreases ROS generation in vitro.
YMPE and its metabolite DHCA show similar protective effect against oxidative stress.
DHCA could strengthen the effect of yerba mate at physiological concentrations.
The methylated metabolite DHFA was less effective than DHCA.