Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Exposure on the Ocular Surface: An Animal Study

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• 作者：Youngsub Eom ; MD¹ ; Jong Suk Song ; MD ; PhD² ; ^{crisim@korea.ac.kr" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Dong Yeol Lee ; BS² ; Myo-Kyoung Kim ; MS² ; Bo-Ram Kang ; MS² ; Jeong-Hwa Heo ; MS² ; Hyung Keun Lee ; MD ; PhD³ ; Hyo Myung Kim ; MD ; PhD⁴ ; ^{hyomkim@kumc.or.kr" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：ocular surface ; nanoparticle ; titanium dioxide
• 刊名：The Ocular Surface
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：14
• 期：2
• 页码：224-232
• 全文大小：1592 K

文摘

To evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticle exposure on the ocular surface.

Methods

Eighty eyes of 40 rabbits were used. The TiO₂-1D group (n = 20) received a single instillation of TiO₂ in the right eye. The TiO₂-4D group (n = 20) received a TiO₂ instillation in the right eye once a day for four days. The 40 untreated left eyes were used as controls. Ocular surface staining (n = 5 for each group) was performed with rose bengal dye, tear secretion (n = 5) was measured using the phenol red thread test, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (n = 5) and MUC5AC levels (n = 5) were measured in tears, and the area of the conjunctival goblet cells (n = 5) was measured through impression cytology and scanning electron microscopy 24 hours after the last TiO₂ instillation.

Results

Ocular surface staining was increased but the tear secretion was not changed after TiO₂ exposure. The TiO₂-1D (1.39 OD) and TiO₂-4D groups (0.58 OD) had higher median tear LDH activity than the control groups (0.57 OD and 0.29 OD, respectively). Although the median tear MUC5AC level in the TiO₂-1D group (92.7 ng/ml) was higher than that of control 1 group (37.4 ng/ml), there was no significant difference in MUC5AC levels between the TiO₂-4D and control 2 groups. Conjunctival goblet cell area decreased after TiO₂ exposure.

Conclusions

Exposure to TiO₂ nanoparticles induced ocular surface damage. Although the tear MUC5AC level increased after a single exposure, it decreased to normal levels after repeated exposures. The area of conjunctival goblet cells decreased after TiO₂ exposure.