The Role of VEGF Pathways in Human Physiologic and Pathologic Angiogenesis

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• 作者：John M. Lyons III ; Joshua E. Schwimer ; Catherine T. Anthony ; Jessica L. Thomson ; Jason D. Cundiff ; Douglas T. Casey ; Cynthia Maccini ; Paul Kucera ; Yi-Zarn Wang ; J. Philip Boudreaux ; Eugene A. Wolterin
• 关键词：angiogenesis ; human ; vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ; platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) ; VEGF receptors ; tyrosine kinases ; mechanisms
• 刊名：Journal of Surgical Research
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：March 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：159
• 期：1
• 页码：517-527
• 全文大小：428 K

文摘

Background

In preclinical models, VEGF is a potent stimulant of both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis. Conversely, anti-VEGF regimens have successfully inhibited angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesized that VEGF would stimulate both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis in a human-based fibrin-thrombin clot angiogenesis assay. We further speculated that anti-VEGF regimens would inhibit angiogenesis in this assay.

Methods

To test these hypotheses, discs of human placental veins (physiologic model) and fragments of human tumors (pathologic model) were embedded in fibrin-thrombin clots and treated with either VEGF-A₁₆₅ (VEGF) or anti-VEGF pathway reagents including bevacizumab, IMC-18F1, IMC-1121, and PTK787 (n = 30 wells per treatment group, multiple concentrations tested in each specimen). Angiogenic responses were assessed visually using a previously validated grading scheme. The percent of tissue explants that developed angiogenic invasion into the clot ( % I) as well as the extent of angiogenic growth (AI) via a semi-quantitative scale were assessed at set intervals.

Results

VEGF failed to stimulate angiogenesis in both the physiologic and the pathologic model. While anti-VEGF reagents that targeted only one element of the VEGF pathway failed to consistently inhibit angiogenesis, PTK787, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets multiple VEGF and non-VEGF receptors, profoundly inhibited both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis.

Conclusion

These results suggest that VEGF-related pathways may not be solely responsible for stimulating angiogenesis in humans. Targeting the VEGF pathway in combination with elements of other growth factor pathways may provide a more effective means of inhibiting angiogenesis than targeting VEGF alone.