Relevance of the cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis model for pharmacological studies targeting inflammation and pain of the bladder

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• 作者：Cé ; line Augé ; ^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^d ; ^{celine.auge@inserm.fr} ; Gé ; rald Chene^e ; Marc Dubourdeau^e ; Denis Desoubzdanne^f ; Bruno Corman^f ; Stefano Palea^d ; Philippe Lluel^d ; Nathalie Vergnolle^a ; ^b ; ^c ; Anne-Marie Coelho^d
• 关键词：Cystitis ; Cyclophosphamide ; Inflammation ; Visceral pain ; Urinary biomarker ; Rat
• 刊名：European Journal of Pharmacology
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：5 May, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：707
• 期：1-3
• 页码：32-40
• 全文大小：1013 K

文摘

This work aimed at establishing the relevance of using the in vivo model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced bladder inflammation in rats for in vivo pharmacological studies. Specifically, we measured visceral nociception, identified key inflammatory mediators and evaluated the effects of relevant pharmacological treatments. Cystitis was induced in female rats by a single CYP injection. Sensitivity of the lower abdomen to von Frey mechanical stimulation was determined as a nociceptive parameter. Bladders were assessed for weight, wall thickness and macroscopic damage. Inflammatory mediators were quantified in bladders and urines. The effects of aspirin, ibuprofen and morphine were investigated on all these parameters. A single CYP injection increased nociceptive scores and decreased nociceptive threshold in response to mechanical stimuli between 1 and 4 h post-administration. Increased bladder weight and wall thickness were associated with edema and hemorrhage. Bladder levels of IL-1¦Â, IL-6, MCP-1 and VCAM, and urinary levels of PGE₂ were increased. In contrast, a decrease in the urinary metabolites, indoxyl sulfate and pantothenic acid, was observed. Aspirin, ibuprofen and morphine decreased CYP-induced referred visceral pain. Aspirin and ibuprofen also reversed the increased wall thickness, macroscopic damage and levels of IL-1¦Â, IL-6 and PGE₂, and the decreased panthotenic acid levels. In contrast, morphine increased wall thickness, edema, hemorrhage, and bladder IL-6 and MCP-1 levels. This work presents a new and reliable method to evaluate visceral sensitivity in rats, and new relevant biomarkers identified in the bladder and urine to measure inflammation and pain parameters for in vivo pharmacological studies.