Two source waters containing natural organic matter (NOM) with different physical and chemical characteristics were crossflow-filtered using four types of membranes having different material and geometric properties. Transport measurements of NOM rejection and flux decline were made. A resistances-in-series model was used to represent and quantitatively compare membrane flux decline and recovery. As anticipated, the resistance due to specific adsorption depended on the concentration at the membrane interface. For the two membranes showing evidence of NOM adsorption, reducing the initial flux (which we infer to also reduce the interfacial NOM concentration) also lowered the measured resistance assigned to adsorption in our protocol. Relative molecular mass (RMM) distribution measurements (by size exclusion chromatography) were used to calculate the average RMM of the NOM and persuasively illustrated that the nominal relative molecular mass cut-off (MWCO) of a membrane is not the unique predictor of rejection characteristics for NOM compounds. Size exclusion, electrostatic repulsion, and NOM aromaticity all influenced the NOM rejection. For a given water composition (including pH and ionic strength), membrane characteristics (such as the surface charge, hydrophobicity and nominal MWCO) can be combined with the NOM properties (such as total dissolved organic carbon, specific UV absorbance at 254nm and humic content) to provide a consistent qualitative rationale for the transport results.
Cited by: | - Zander, Amy K.; Curry, N.Kevin,""Membrane and solution effects on solute rejection and productivity""Water Research2001pp. 4426-4434
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Fan, Linhua; Harris, John L.; Roddick, Felicity A.; Booker, Nic A.,""Influence of the characteristics of natural organic matter on the fouling of microfiltration membranes""Water Research2001pp. 4455-4463
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Decarolis, James; Hong, Seungkwan; Taylor, James,""Fouling behavior of a pilot scale inside-out hollow fiber UF membrane during dead-end filtration of tertiary wastewater""Journal of Membrane Science2001pp. 165-178
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Jones, Kimberly L.; O'Melia, Charles R.,""Ultrafiltration of protein and humic substances: effect of solution chemistry on fouling and flux decline""Journal of Membrane Science2001pp. 163-173
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Lee, Hongjoo; Amy, Gary; Cho, Jaeweon; Yoon, Yeomin; Moon, Seung-Hyeon; Kim, In S.,""Cleaning strategies for flux recovery of an ultrafiltration membrane fouled by natural organic matter""Water Research2001pp. 3301-3308
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Chellam, Shankararaman; Taylor, James S.,""Simplified Analysis of Contaminant Rejection During Ground- and Surface Water Nanofiltration Under the Information Collection Rule""Water Research2001pp. 2460-2474
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Seidel, Arza; Elimelech, Menachem,""Coupling between chemical and physical interactions in natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes: implications for fouling control""Journal of Membrane Science2002pp. 245-255
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Brant, Jonathan A.; Childress, Amy E.,""Assessing short-range membrane-colloid interactions using surface energetics""Journal of Membrane Science2002pp. 257-273
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Lee, Sangyoup; Park, Gunyoung; Amy, Gary; Hong, Seung-Kwang; Moon, Seung-Hyeon; Lee, Duck-Hee; Cho, Jaeweon,""Determination of membrane pore size distribution using the fractional rejection of nonionic and charged macromolecules""Journal of Membrane Science2002pp. 191-201
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Yuan, Wei; Kocic, Aleksandra; Zydney, Andrew L.,""Analysis of humic acid fouling during microfiltration using a pore blockage-cake filtration model""Journal of Membrane Science2002pp. 51-62
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Kim, Do Hee; Moon, Seung-Hyeon; Cho, Jaeweon,""Investigation of the adsorption and transport of natural organic matter (NOM) in ion-exchange membranes""Desalination2003pp. 11-20
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Van der Bruggen, Bart; Vandecasteele, Carlo,""Removal of pollutants from surface water and groundwater by nanofiltration: overview of possible applications in the drinking water industry""Environmental Pollution2003pp. 435-445
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Shetty, Grishma R.; Malki, Heidar; Chellam, Shankararaman,""Predicting contaminant removal during municipal drinking water nanofiltration using artificial neural networks""Journal of Membrane Science2003pp. 99-112
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Yoon, Jaekyung; Yoon, Yeomin; Amy, Gary; Cho, Jaeweon; Foss, David; Kim, Tae-Hyung,""Use of surfactant modified ultrafiltration for perchlorate (ClO4-) removal""Water Research2003pp. 2001-2012
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Zhu, Anna; Zhu, Wanpeng; Wu, Zhuo; Jing, Yifeng,""Recovery of clindamycin from fermentation wastewater with nanofiltration membranes""Water Research2003pp. 3718-3732
Bibliographic PageFull Text - Schutte, C. Frederik,""The rejection of specific organic compounds by reverse osmosis membranes""Desalination2003pp. 285-294
Bibliographic PageFull Text |