Indoor/outdoor relationships of PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ mass concentrations and their water-soluble ions in a retirement home and a school dormitory

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• 作者：Mohammad Sadegh Hassanv ; Kazem Naddafi ; Sasan Faridi ; Mohammad Arhami ; Ramin Nabizadeh ; Mohammad Hossein Sowlat ; Zahra Pourpak ; Noushin Rastkari ; Fatemeh Momeniha ; Homa Kashani ; Akbar Gholampour ; Shahrokh Nazmara ; Mahmood Alimohammadi ; Gholamreza Goudarzi ; Masud Yunesian
• 关键词：PM ; Water-soluble ions ; Indoor/outdoor ; Nursing home ; School dormitory ; Tehran
• 刊名：Atmospheric Environment
• 出版年：January, 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：82
• 期：Complete
• 页码：375-382
• 全文大小：727 K

文摘

Indoor/outdoor particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁) and their water-soluble ions were measured in a retirement home and a school dormitory in Tehran, from May 2012 to January 2013. Hourly indoor/outdoor PM concentrations were measured using GRIMM dust monitors and 24-h aerosol samples were collected by low-volume air samplers. Water-soluble ions were determined using an ion chromatography (IC) instrument. Although the mean outdoor PM concentrations in both sampling sites were almost equal, the mean indoor PM₁₀ in the school dormitory was approximately 1.35 times higher than that in the retirement home. During a Middle Eastern dust storm, the 24-h average PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ concentrations were respectively 3.4, 2.9, and 1.9 times as high as those in normal days outdoors and 3.4, 2.8, and 1.6 times indoors. The results indicated that secondary inorganic aerosols were the dominant water-soluble ions of indoor and outdoor PM. We found that the smaller the particle, the higher the percentage of secondary inorganic aerosols. Except for PM₁₀ in the school dormitory, strong correlations were found between indoor and outdoor PM. We estimated that nearly 45% of PM₁₀, 67% of PM_2.5, and 79% of PM₁ in the retirement home, and 32% of PM₁₀, 76% of PM_2.5, and 83% of PM₁ in the school dormitory originated from outdoor environment.