Development of ceftriaxone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Oranienburg during therapy for bacteremia

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• 作者：Wei-Chiun Yang^a ; ^f ; Oi-Wa Chan^a ; ^f ; Tsu-Lan Wu^b ; Chyi-Liang Chen^c ; Lin-Hui Su^b ; ^c ; ^d ; ^{sulinhui@gmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Cheng-Hsun Chiu^c ; ^e ; ^{chchiu@adm.cgmh.org.tw" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Ceftriaxone resistance ; IncI1 plasmid ; Relapse bacteremia ; Salmonella enterica serotype Oranienburg
• 刊名：Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：49
• 期：1
• 页码：41-45
• 全文大小：446 K

文摘

The majority of nontyphoid Salmonella infection is identified in children. When an invasive or severe Salmonella infection is encountered, ceftriaxone is recommended for such patients. A 2-year-old girl was hospitalized for the treatment of Salmonella bacteremia and discharged with standard ceftriaxone treatment. She was readmitted to the hospital after 2 days due to the recurrence of the Salmonella bacteremia. The study aimed to unveil the mechanism for the relapse.

Methods

Six isolates (4 blood and 2 stool) were recovered from the patient, with the last two blood isolates being ceftriaxone-resistant. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used for genotyping. Ceftriaxone resistance genes and transferability of the resistance plasmid were examined by molecular methods.

Results

All isolates were identified as Salmonella enterica serotype Oranienburg. Five isolates demonstrated almost identical electrophoresis patterns, except that in the two ceftriaxone-resistant isolates an extra band (>100 kb) was noted. A bla_CMY-2 gene, carried by a 120-kb conjugative IncI1 plasmid of the sequence type 53, was identified in the two ceftriaxone-resistant isolates. Transfer of the resistance plasmid from one blood isolate to Escherichia coli J53 resulted in the increase of ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration from 0.125 μg/mL to 32 μg/mL in the recipient.

Conclusion

Ceftriaxone is the standard therapeutic choice for invasive or serious Salmonella infections in children. Pediatricians should be aware of the possibility of resistance development during therapy, especially in areas with a widespread of ceftriaxone resistance genes that are carried by a self-transferrable plasmid, such as the bla_CMY-2-carrying IncI1 plasmid identified herein.