Tuning in to the signals: noncoding sequence conservation in vertebrate genomes

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Greg Elgar ; Tanya Vavouri
• 关键词：Geodynamics ; Gold ; REE ; Rare metals ; Ore reserves ; Genetic model
• 刊名：Trends in Genetics
• 出版年：2008
• 出版时间：July 2008
• 年：2008
• 卷：24
• 期：7
• 页码：344-352
• 全文大小：655 K

文摘

The Aktiuz–Boordu Mining District is located in the Northern Tien Shan in the eastern part of Kyrgyzstan. The region is characterized by nappe-folding structures and comprises strongly deformed Precambrian and Lower Paleozoic sedimentary, volcano-sedimentary, and metamorphic sequences. Metamorphic rocks are represented by crystalline schists, para- and orthogneisses, marble, migmatite, amphibolite and eclogite lenses. These rocks are thought to be the oldest in the Northern Tien Shan. The 2780-Ma Aktiuz complex has a total thickness of 2800–2900 m. Available U–Pb zircon age data for the Kemin Group migmatites yield ages of 2200 ± 50 Ma. Based upon their geological setting, multistage metamorphism and isotopic ages of retrograde metamorphism (1.1–1.9 Ga), these rocks reach a few kilometers in thickness and are subdivided into Archaean and Paleoproterozoic. The Archaean and Paleoproterozoic basement metamorphic rocks contain mineralization of various ages and types, including porphyry Cu, Au-sulphide, Au–Bi, barite, epithermal base metal and Au–Ag, REE and rare-metals. Two ore fields have been identified within the Aktiuz–Boordu Mining District, they are: (1) Taldybulak–Boordu, with Au, base metal, and porphyry Cu systems; (2) Aktiuz, with REE, rare- and base-metal deposits. Within the Paleozoic Taldybulak–Boordu volcanic structure, deposits and occurrences of Au are present at Taldybulak Levoberezhny, Chimbulak Zapadny, Karamoko and Kuranjailyau; of Pb at Boordu, Taldybulak Stary, Chimbulak Vostochny and Chimbulak Zapadny; of Mo at Karabulak, and of Cu at Berkut-Kashka. Almost all are found along the periphery of deeply eroded volcanoes. Rock types in the Taldybulak–Boordu ore field mainly comprise chlorite–amphibole and amphibole schists, amphibolites, and migmatites of the Paleoproterozoic Kuperlisay suite. The younger Paleoproterozoic Kokbulak and Kapchigay suites are represented by mica schists and granite gneisses, which are separated from the Kuperlisay suite by a fault. The basement rocks are cut by a complex network of Paleozoic sub-1 volcanic intrusions, accompanied by eruptive rocks and breccia pipes. These represent the root system of Middle and Late Paleozoic volcanoes. At the Taldybulak Levoberezhny Au deposit, the principal ore-controlling structures are inter- and intraformational shear, thrust–fault zones and tectonic mélange injected by intrusions that underwent metasomatic alteration. Gold-sulphide disseminated mineralization is associated with the upper part of Taldybulak shear zone and is associated with monzodiorites and quartz–tourmaline veinlets.