Energy flow analysis of amputee walking shows a proximally-directed transfer of energy in intact limbs, compared to a distally-directed transfer in prosthetic limbs at push-off
Able-bodied and amputee lower limb energy exchanges were calculated during walking. Thigh and shank segment energies were consistent between groups. Intact limbs used a proximal flow of energy to propel the limb into swing. Reduced prosthetic ankle power generation was observed in amputees. Prosthetic side required a distal flow of energy to provide enough energy to the limb.