The rapid spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

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• 作者：Robert F. Potter^a ; ¹ ; Alaric W. D&rsquo ; Souza^a ; ¹ ; Gautam Dantas^a ; ^b ; ^c ; ^d ; ^{dantas@wustl.edu}
• 关键词：Antibiotic resistance ; Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae ; Horizontal gene transfer
• 刊名：Drug Resistance Updates
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：November 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：29
• 期：Complete
• 页码：30-46
• 全文大小：1108 K
• 卷排序：29

文摘

Carbapenems, our one-time silver bullet for multidrug resistant bacterial infections, are now threatened by widespread dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Successful expansion of Enterobacteriaceae clonal groups and frequent horizontal gene transfer of carbapenemase expressing plasmids are causing increasing carbapenem resistance. Recent advances in genetic and phenotypic detection facilitate global surveillance of CRE diversity and prevalence. In particular, whole genome sequencing enabled efficient tracking, annotation, and study of genetic elements colocalized with carbapenemase genes on chromosomes and on plasmids. Improved characterization helps detail the co-occurrence of other antibiotic resistance genes in CRE isolates and helps identify pan-drug resistance mechanisms. The novel β-lactamase inhibitor, avibactam, combined with ceftazidime or aztreonam, is a promising CRE treatment compared to current colistin or tigecycline regimens. To halt increasing CRE-associated morbidity and mortality, we must continue quality, cooperative monitoring and urgently investigate novel treatments.